The failed outcome of Italy’s latest citizenship referendum marked a turning point for millions of Americans trying to relocate to the Stivale, as a symbol of protest against President Donald Trump’s new policies, which leave U.S. residents disappointed by the loss of national identity, global openness, and civic participation. However, things aren’t always what they seem. Appearances made people across the United States seem the most affected by this defeat, while those Americans already living in Italy definitely felt it more. It’s about a community of U.S. expats in Italy who, after years of working, raising families, and getting in touch with a different culture, were hoping to fast-track the citizenship process by leveraging Italian ancestry in only 5 years.
The math is undeniable with over 16,534 Americans living in Italy and seeing a one-of-a-kind opportunity slipping away. This is more than a historic moment, it’s a mix of reactions from and outside the borders. Indeed, multiple Italians seemed to still be supporting the 10-year residency requirement, citing threats to national security, and overall, the principle that citizenship must be earned over a long time. The aftermath of the referendum highlights the complex challenges facing the international community in Italy today.
The Trend of Americans in Italy: Important Data
According to a report shared by ISTAT, every year over 130,000 people get their Italian passport, 20,000 of whom are American citizens currently living in the country. This wave of migration can be felt especially in major cities, from Rome to Milan, and Florence where figures confirm students, and professionals make up the majority. That’s the reason why multiple locals were not happy about this reform, as it would have felt like a shortcut contributing to the oversaturation of the country.
This trend is a reflection of countless internal issues within the Italian political sphere, which consequently bring limits to economic benefits, access to political rights, and higher education. Unlike in France or Germany, where citizens can apply for dual passports after 5 years, Italy keeps raising the bar for naturalization.
Key Changes for U.S. Citizens in Italy after June’s Referendum
Italy’s June referendum has reshaped the lives of Americans living in Italy, many of whom are viewing the 10-year naturalization requirement as a barrier to full integration.
Among most impactful factors:
- Restrictions on civil, economic, and political rights: U.S. citizens living in Italy without a passport are not allowed to vote in national or regional elections, barred from using their voice. Beyond the ballot box, they are also excluded from running for public office or serving in government roles, whether it’s being a part of the armed forces or law.
- Limited access to public benefits: Americans residing in Italy can’t fully access scholarships, funding opportunities, or competitions.
- Long-term uncertainty: Americans must wait 10 years to apply for dual citizenship. In the meantime, they are expected to renew their residence permit. In case of job loss, U.S. people may be not eligible to remain in the country.
